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Thomas Hovenden (December 28, 1840 – August 14, 1895) was an Ireland artist and teacher who spent much of his life in the United States. He painted realistic quiet family scenes and narrative subjects and often depicted African Americans.
In 1863, he immigrated to the United States. He studied at the National Academy of Design in New York City. He moved to Baltimore in 1868 and then left for Paris in 1874. He studied at the École des Beaux Arts under Cabanel, but spent most of his time with the American art colony at Pont-Aven in Brittany led by Robert Wylie, where he painted many pictures of the peasantry.
Returning to America in 1880, he became a member of the Society of American Artists and an Associate member of the National Academy of Design (elected Academician in 1882). He married Helen Corson in 1881, an artist he had met in Pont-Aven, and settled at her father's homestead in Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania, outside of Philadelphia. She came from a family of abolitionists and her home was a stop on the Underground Railroad. Their barn, later used as Hovenden's studio, was known as "Abolition Hall" due to its use for anti-slavery meetings.Thomas Hovenden: American Painter of Hearth and Homeland, Woodmere Art Museum, Philadelphia, 1995. .
He was commissioned by Mr. Robbins BattellSee: Norfolk, Connecticut to paint a historical picture of the abolitionist leader John Brown. He finished The Last Moments of John Brown (at least two copies exist, in the collection of the deYoung Museum in San Francisco and also the Metropolitan Museum in New York) in 1884.A replica of the painting is at the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco. Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Carl Stoeckel in 1897. Accession Number 97.5 Mrs. Stoeckel was Mr. Battell's daughter. His Breaking Home Ties, a picture of American farm life, was engraved with considerable popular success.
In 1886, he was appointed Professor of Painting and Drawing at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, replacing Thomas Eakins who was dismissed due to his use of nude models. Among Hovenden's students were the sculptor Alexander Stirling Calder and the leader of the Ashcan School, Robert Henri.
Hovenden was killed at the age of 54, along with a ten-year-old girl, by a railroad locomotive at a crossing near his home in Plymouth Meeting. Newspaper accounts reported that his death was the result of a heroic effort to push the girl from in front of the train, while a coroner's inquest determined his death was an accident.
A Pennsylvania state historical marker in Plymouth Meeting interprets Abolition Hall and Hovenden. Abolition Hall marker Hovenden House, Barn and Abolition Hall was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971. He is buried across the street in the cemetery of the Plymouth Friends Meetinghouse. Note: This includes
Among Hovenden's works was a series of portraits of two elderly African Americans. His images were different than many made by his contemporaries, because he showed the Black couple as having a sense of dignity, rather than being caricatures. However, he has also been accused of portraying African Americans from a superior point-of-view, the images showing people content in their poverty.
Portrayal of African Americans
Hovenden taught at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts. One of his students was Henry Ossawa Tanner, an African American who was possibly one of the first Black students to attend the school. Tanner would be famous for painting two images of African Americans, different for portraying them with dignity. These were The Banjo Lesson and The Thankful Poor.
Selected works
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External links
Categories: 1840 Births, 1895 Deaths, 19th-century American Painters, American Male Painters, Irish Emigrants To The United States, 19th-century Irish Painters, Irish Male Painters, People From Dunmanway, National Academy Of Design Alumni, Pennsylvania Academy Of The Fine Arts Faculty, Pont-aven Painters, Painters From Pennsylvania, Underground Railroad People, 19th-century American Male Artists, 19th-century Irish Male Artists, Artists From County Cork
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